Bastawros, H.M. (2025) Enhancing ESL learners’ productive vocabulary through multimedia solutions. Contact, 51 (1), 21-30.
This article describes a qualitative embedded research project undertaken in an adult ESL program in Ontario, Canada. The research project was designed to identify the multimedia principles that support learners’ productive vocabulary skills and retention in online adult ESL classes. Although the use of multimedia in the ESL classroom can provide many benefits for learners, they often face multiple challenges in acquiring vocabulary, including language barriers, difficulties with motivation and inadequate access to technology. To better understand these challenges and to develop strategies to overcome them the project addressed the following research questions:
How can ESL learners transfer, retain, and produce newly learned vocabulary effectively in online courses?
What is the influence of Mayer’s 12 multimedia principles in online course design on ESL learners’ ability to retain and produce vocabulary?
What are learners’ perceptions of the effective multimedia elements that have enabled them to retain and utilize their productive vocabulary effectively in their online courses?
The theoretical foundation of the research project is Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). The theory identifies 12 principles of multimedia learning to ensure the effective design of instructional materials. These principles are based in cognitive science and research into how people process information. The study resulted in the following practical strategies, aligned with Mayer’s 12 Principles of Multimedia Learning, to guide instructors in supporting learners’ engagement, motivation and positive learning outcomes.
1. Leverage Multimedia Tools: Combining visuals, narration, and AI-driven personalization creates a holistic learning experience.
2. Avoid Cognitive Overload: Simplifying visuals and scaffolding content ensures learners can process information without feeling overwhelmed.
3. Engage Through Gamification: Interactive, game-like elements make vocabulary practice enjoyable and rewarding
4. Incorporate Interactive Videos: Embedding questions, quizzes, and reflective prompts into video lessons promotes active engagement.
Retrievable from: http://contact.teslontario.org/enhancing-esl-learners-productive-vocabulary-through-multimedia-solutions/